| 摘要 |
编制一个使用方便,能适用于综合医院各病房患者的常见风险评估量表,并检验其在识别患者的自杀风险、暴力风险、投诉风险、压疮风险、噎食风险和跌倒风险上信度与效度。 方法 采用整群抽样在沈阳市一所三甲医院及沈阳市精神卫生中心, 纳入997例患者。 用本研究编制的患者常见风险评估量表来评估患者的风险情况。 使用 SPSS17. 0进行数据统计分析。 结果患者常见风险评估量表的 Cronbachsα系数 0. 556, 各个分量表的 Cronbachsα系数范国为: 0. 271~0.797。各个分量表间隔3-5天的重测信度范国为: 0.776~0. 896。各个分量表的评分者间一致性信度范围在 0. 873~0. 910之间 。 当以界值分为2分评定为阳性时, 各个分量表的敏感度和特异度以及曲线下面积(AUC)分别是: 自杀风险评估表84.37%, 90.77%和0.883;暴力风险评估表84.21%, 89.90%和 0. 884;投诉风险评估表75%, 91. 36%和 0. 849;压疮风险评估表71. 34%, 93. 75%和 0. 864; 噎食风险评估表77. 77%, 95. 14%和 0. 874; 跌倒风险评估表72. 72%, 82. 05%和 0. 782。 结论 患者常见风险评估量表具有较好的信效度, 能够在综合医院各个科室中有效的识别出患者的自杀风险、暴力风险、投诉风险、压疮风险、噎食风险和跌倒风险。
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| Abstract |
〇bjective To develop Lhe Common Risk of PatienLs Assessment Scale, which is easy Lo use, in-cludes comprehensive risks and could be applied to each wards of general hospital. To study the reliability and pre- dictive power of the Common Risk of Patients Assessment Scale to predict suicide risk, violence risk, complaints risk, pressure ulcer risk, choke risk and fall risk. Methods A sample of 997patients was recruited via cluster sampling from a general hospital of Shenyang and Shenyang mental health center. Use the Common Risk of Patients Assessment Scale to assess Lhe risks of patienLs. SPSS17.0 would be used to analyze daLa. Results The Cronbachsα coefficient of the Common Risk of Patients Assessment Scale was 0. 556, and that of subscales ranged from0. 271to 0. 797. The test-retest reliability of subscales was good with an ICC from 0. 776 to 0. 896. The inter-rat- er reliability of subscales was high with an ICC from0.873-0.910.When the cut-point was determined at2, the sensitivity, specificity and Area Under ROC Curve (AUC) of subscales were as follow: suicide risk assessment sub- scale was84.37%, 90.77% and 0. 883, respectively; violence risk assessment subscale was84.21%, 89.90% and 0.884, respectively; complaints risk assessment subscale was75%, 91.36% and 0.849, respectively; pres- sure ulcer risk assessment subscale was71. 34%, 93. 75% and 0. 864, respecLively; choke risk assessment subscale was77.77%, 95. 14% and0.874, respectively; fa11 risk assessment subscale was72.72%, 82.05% and 0.782, respectively. Conclusion The Common Risk of Patients Assessment Scale had a good reliability and validity and was suitable for applying in general hospital. It could effectively screen the patients suicide risk, violence risk, complaints risk, pressure ulcer risk, choke risk and fall risk.
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