International Journal of Clinical Research

Objective To clarify the distribution characteristics of drug resistance genes in Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and their association with clinical phenotypes. Methods A total of 200 pediatric patients with MPP in our hospital from January 2024 to December 2025 were included. Clinical data and throat swab specimens specimens were collected, and MP nucleic acid and drug resistance mutation sites were detected. Drug sensitivity tests were conducted to analyze drug resistance, and the differences in clinical phenotypes between the resistant group and the sensitive group were compared to explore the correlation. Results Positive rate of MP infection: 58.72%. The mutations at specific sites were the main type. The resistant group showed significantly higher resistance to macrolide drugs, more severe clinical symptoms, more significant inflammatory responses, and higher treatment difficulty. The specific site mutations were related to key clinical indicators. Conclusion The drug resistance of MP to macrolide drugs is mainly related to specific gene site mutations. Patients with positive drug resistance genes have more severe conditions. Molecular detection based on fluorescence PCR can assist in evaluating the condition and guiding treatment.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Drug resistance genes; 23SrRNA; Molecular detection; Clinical phenotype; Correlation