International Journal of Clinical Research

Objective To analyze the early clinical efficacy of total hip arthroplasty (THA) using the minimally invasive direct anterior approach (DAA) and the traditional posterolateral approach (PLA) in the treatment of femoral neck fractures. Methods Sixty-one cases were selected, all of whom were patients with femoral neck fractures who underwent THA in a certain hospital. The inclusion period was from May 2021 to June 2025. The groups were divided into the DAA group (n=31) and the PLA group (n=30) by the random number table method. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for postoperative pain, time to walk out of bed, length of hospital stay, Harris score (HHS) for early postoperative hip function, and the probability of complications of patients between the groups were evaluated. Results The VAS scores of the DAA group were lower than those of the PLA group in the early postoperative period (days 1 and 3), and the walking time and hospital stay were both shorter than those of the PLA group (P<0.05). At 6 weeks and 3 months after the operation, the HHS score of the DAA group was higher than that of the PLA group (P<0.05). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and overall complication probability were similar between the groups (P>0.05), but one case of early postoperative dislocation occurred in the PLA group, while no dislocation occurred in the DAA group. Conclusion Compared with the traditional posterolateral approach, the minimally invasive DAA approach for THA in the treatment of femoral neck fractures can relieve the early postoperative pain of patients, accelerate functional recovery, shorten the length of hospital stay, highlight better early clinical efficacy, and has good joint stability. It is an effective and safe surgical option.

Total hip arthroplasty; Direct anterior approach; Posterolateral approach; Femoral neck fracture