Advances in Resources and Environmental Science

With the acceleration of urbanization, the issue of municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal has become increasingly prominent. Incineration, as a key method for waste reduction, harmlessness, and resource recovery, has been widely adopted. However, the release and migration of heavy metals during incineration pose significant threats to the environment and human health. This paper systematically analyzes the migration pathways and distribution characteristics of heavy metals in MSW incineration. Based on existing research, the mechanisms of heavy metal speciation transformation under different combustion conditions are examined. Furthermore, current mainstream heavy metal pollution control technologies are summarized, including source reduction, process optimization, and end-of-pipe treatment, providing a basis for improving the environmental management of waste incineration facilities.

Municipal solid waste; Incineration; Heavy metals; Migration patterns; Control methods