建筑防水材料技术发展与工程应用综述

A review of the development and engineering application of building waterproofing materials technology

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DOI 10.12208/j.ace.2025000208
刊名
Advances in Constructional Engineering
年,卷(期) 2025, 5(6)
作者
作者单位

辽宁工业大学 辽宁锦州

摘要
建筑防水是建筑工程的重要组成部分,直接关系到建筑结构的耐久性、安全性和使用功能。随着建筑技术的进步和人们对居住品质要求的提高,防水材料技术不断革新,应用领域持续拓展。本文系统综述了建筑防水材料的技术发展历程与工程应用现状,将防水材料划分为传统改性沥青卷材、高分子复合防水材料、新型环保材料、微生物自修复材料等主要类别,分析各类材料的技术特征、性能优势及适用范围。在此基础上,深入探讨了屋面与外墙、地下与隧道工程、特殊部位与特殊环境等关键施工技术,分析了防水工程检测与质量管理的现状与问题。研究表明,当前防水材料技术呈现出多元化、绿色化、智能化的发展趋势,固废资源化利用、生态型材料、自修复技术等成为研究热点。未来应加强材料创新与施工工艺的协同发展,推动智能化检测技术与人工智能在防水工程质量管理中的应用,实现防水技术的可持续发展。
Abstract
Building waterproofing is an important component of construction engineering, directly affecting the durability, safety, and functionality of building structures. With the advancement of construction technology and the increasing demand for living quality, waterproofing material technology continues to innovate, and its application fields continue to expand. This paper systematically reviews the technological development process and engineering application status of building waterproofing materials, classifying waterproofing materials into major categories such as traditional modified asphalt membranes, polymer composite waterproofing materials, new environmentally friendly materials, and microbial self-healing materials, and analyzes the technical characteristics, performance advantages, and application scope of various materials. On this basis, key construction technologies such as roofing and exterior walls, underground and tunnel engineering, special parts and special environments are deeply explored, and the current status and problems of waterproofing engineering inspection and quality management are analyzed. Research shows that current waterproofing material technology presents development trends of diversification, greening, and intelligence, with solid waste resource utilization, ecological materials, and self-healing technology becoming research hotspots. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the coordinated development of material innovation and construction technology, promote the application of intelligent inspection technology and artificial intelligence in waterproofing engineering quality management, and achieve sustainable development of waterproofing technology.
关键词
建筑防水;防水材料;改性沥青卷材;自修复技术;施工技术
KeyWord
Building waterproofing; Waterproofing materials; Modified asphalt membrane; Self-healing technology; Construction technology
基金项目
页码 20-26
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刘健. 建筑防水材料技术发展与工程应用综述 [J]. 建筑工程进展. 2025; 5; (6). 20 - 26.

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