International Journal of Clinical Research

Objective To explore the correlation between changes in T lymphocyte subset levels and liver function Child-Pugh classification and complications in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods Fifty-one patients with liver cirrhosis and 54 patients with healthy physical examination diagnosed and treated in the Third Peoples Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2020 to August 2024 were selected to compare the differences in the percentages of T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+T, CD4+T, CD8+Tand CD4+T/CD8+T ratios) between cirrhosis and control groups; cirrhosis patients were categorized according to the grading of liver function into Child- Pugh classification group A 14 cases, group B 21 cases, group C 26 cases, according to the type of complications will be divided into the no complications group 13 cases, digestive bleeding group 14 cases, ascites group 24 cases, compare the differences in the percentage of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3 + T, CD4 + T, CD8 + T and CD4 + T / CD8 + T ratio) between multiple groups. Results Percentage of CD3+ T cells (65.05±14.65 VS 72.68±6.28, P<0.05), percentage of CD4+ T cells (34.56±7.13 VS 44.08±5.28, P<0.05), and CD4+T/CD8+T ratio (1.30 (0.84~1.70) VS 1.50 ( 1.20~2.00), P < 0.05) were lower than those in the control group; the percentage of CD3+ T cells (80.12±6.69 VS 67.08±8.50 VS 49.19±9.69, P < 0.05), CD4+ T cells (42.07±2.50 VS 35.45±4.46 VS 26.83±4.48, P<0.05) and CD4+T/CD8+T ratio (1.85 (1.58-2.15) VS 1.30 (1.10-1.50) VS 0.82 (0.725-0.890), P<0.05) were significantly higher than those in Groups B and C. In Group C of the Child-Pugh classification, the percentage of CD3+T cells ( 49.19±9.69 VS 67.08±8.50 VS 80.12±6.69, P<0.05), percentage of CD4+T cells (26.83±4.48 VS 35.45±4.46 VS 42.07±2.50, P<0.05), and CD4+T/CD8+T ratio (0.82 (0.725~0.890)VS 1.30 (1.10~1.50) VS 1.85 (1.58~2.15), P < 0.05) were significantly lower than those in Groups A and B. The percentage of CD8+ T cells in the Child-Pugh classification C group (31.63±8.79 VS 23.23±6.55, P < 0.05) was higher than that in the Child-Pugh classification A group. The percentage of CD3+ T cells (77.02±9.46 vs. 61.82±11.81 VS 59.48±17.31, P<0.05), CD4+ T cells (42.00 (40.65~43.5) VS 33.25 (28.58~37.13) VS 29.5 (26.95~36.73) in the group without complications, P <0.05) and CD4+T/CD8+T ratio (1.80 (1.55~2.05) VS 1.10 (0.80~1.48) VS 0.95 (0.82~1.45), P <0.05) were significantly higher than those in the ascites group and the gastrointestinal bleeding group. Spearman correlation analysis showed that T lymphocyte subsets in the cirrhosis group were negatively correlated with the Child-Pugh grading of liver function (P < 0.05), and the percentages of CD3+T, CD4+T cells and CD4+T/CD8+T ratio were negatively correlated with the occurrence of complications (P < 0.05). Conclusion Changes in the level of T lymphocyte subpopulations can reflect the severity of cirrhotic patients disease and have a certain correlation with the deterioration of cirrhotic liver function and the occurrence of complications.

Cirrhosis; T lymphocytes; Immune function; Child-Pugh classification; Complications