南极煤系地层特征及其对冈瓦纳大陆裂解的启示-岩石矿物学杂志-CSCIED科技核心评价数据库-手机版

南极煤系地层特征及其对冈瓦纳大陆裂解的启示

Stratigraphic distribution of coal measures in Antarctica and its implications for breakup of the Gondwana

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DOI	10.20086/j.cnki.yskw.2025.4078
刊名	岩石矿物学杂志 Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica
年，卷(期)	2025, 44(2)
作者	张浩，崔迎春*，宗师，陈绍聪，马立杰，王伟轩，王雪娇，李升贵，刘晨光,
作者单位	1. 中国极地研究中心(中国极地研究所), 上海 200136; 2. 中国科学院海洋研究所中国科学院海洋地质与环境重点实验室, 山东青岛 266071; 3. 自然资源部第一海洋研究所海洋沉积与环境地质国家重点实验室, 山东青岛 266061
摘要	南极的煤系地层资源潜力巨大但研究十分有限。目前已发现的煤系地层主要为二叠纪地层,少量中、新生代地层,基本分布于横贯南极山脉及东南极查尔斯王子山脉地区,部分见于西南极。横贯南极山脉富煤地层主要为贝肯超群的二叠纪-三叠纪维多利亚群,查尔斯王子山脉富煤地层主要为埃默里群的二叠纪贝恩梅达特煤系。南极的煤具有高热阶特征,多为热变质煤。横贯南极山脉区域的煤多为无烟煤、超无烟煤或天然焦炭,具有高蚀变特征;查尔斯王子山脉区域的煤具有高挥发分低硫特征,贝恩梅达特煤系地层内随地层时代由老到新,代表煤系地层成熟度的镜质体反射率呈逐步降低至相对稳定趋势。南极主要煤系地层的发育揭示晚古生代-早中生代时期,南极温暖湿润、植被繁茂,沉积环境与如今存在巨大差异,现存煤系地层多发育于河、湖相沉积交错处。煤系地层发育热演化史揭示,南极热变质煤系地层的形成与冈瓦纳大陆裂解有关,弗拉尔大火山岩省沿横贯南极山脉的线性分布特征与典型二叠纪煤系地层分布特征耦合,侏罗纪短期集中热事件形成的岩脉侵入可以作为煤系地层热蚀变开始的信号,白垩纪末的冈瓦纳大陆进一步裂解形成的热升温,可能是导致南极煤系地层呈现高煤阶、高成熟度的主因。
Abstract	The coal measure resources in Antarctica possess great potential yet have received limited research. The discovered coal measures are predominantly Permian strata, with a few being Mesozoic-Cenozoic strata. The coal measures are essentially distributed in the Transantarctic Mountains and Prince Charles Mountains, with some parts found in West Antarctica. The coal-abundant strata in the Transantarctic Mountains are mainly Permian-Triassic Victoria Group of the Bacon Supergroup, and the coal-abundant strata in the Prince Charles Mountains are mainly Permian Bainmedart Coal Measures of the Amery Group. The coal in Antarctica exhibits the characteristics of a high thermal order and is mostly thermal metamorphic coal. The coal in the Transantarctic Mountains is mostly anthracite, super anthracite, or natural coke, which has the characteristics of high alteration. The coal in the Prince Charles Mountains region has the characteristics of high volatility and low sulfur. The vitrinite reflectance, which represents the maturity of coal measures, gradually decreases to a relatively stable trend as the formation age from old to new in the Bainmedart Coal Measures. The development of major coal measures in Antarctica reveals that during the Late Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic, the Antarctic was warm and humid with lush vegetation, and the sedimentary environment was vastly different from that of today. The existing coal measures were mostly developed at the intersection of river and lake sedimentary facies. The development and history of the thermal evolution of coal measure disclose that the formation of Antarctic thermal metamorphic coal measure is related to the breakup of Gondwana. The linear distribution along the Transantarctic Mountains of the Ferrar Large Igneous Province is coupled with the location of typical Permian coal measures, and the dike formed by the Jurassic short-term concentrated thermal event can be regarded as the signal of the commencement of thermal alteration of the coal measure, while the heat rise caused by the further breakup of Gondwana at the end of Cretaceous may be the main cause of the high coal rank and high maturity of the Antarctic coal measure.
关键词	南极；二叠纪；煤系地层；岩相古地理；热演化史；冈瓦纳裂解
KeyWord	Antarctica; Permian; coal measure; lithofacies paleogeography; thermal evolution history; Gondwana breakup
基金项目
页码	438-450

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张浩，崔迎春*，宗师，陈绍聪，马立杰，王伟轩，王雪娇，李升贵，刘晨光. 南极煤系地层特征及其对冈瓦纳大陆裂解的启示 [J]. 岩石矿物学杂志. 2025; 44; (2). 438 - 450.

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