柴达木盆地马海盐湖厚层芒硝沉积特征及其成因-岩石矿物学杂志-CSCIED科技核心评价数据库-手机版

柴达木盆地马海盐湖厚层芒硝沉积特征及其成因

Sedimentary characteristics and genesis analysis of thick-layer mirabilite in Mahai Salt Lake, Qaidam Basin

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DOI	10.20086/j.cnki.yskw.2025.3148
刊名	岩石矿物学杂志 Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica
年，卷(期)	2025, 44(2)
作者	贺荟文，赵艳军，阮壮，王楠*，崔子豪，胡宇飞,
作者单位	1. 中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所, 自然资源部深地资源成矿作用与矿产资源预测重点实验室, 北京 100037; 2. 中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083; 3. 自然资源实物地质资料中心, 河北廊坊 065201
摘要	柴达木盆地马海盐湖含钾地层下部沉积了厚层芒硝。与钾盐通常形成于干热气候不同,芒硝是典型的冷相盐类矿物,因此厚层芒硝的沉积特征及成因的研究对认识古环境演变过程及其对钾盐成矿影响具有重要意义。文章以柴达木盆地马海矿区发育的厚层芒硝的地层剖面为研究对象,通过系统取样开展薄片鉴定、化学组分、矿物类型和硫同位素分析,研究了剖面化学组分、矿物类型和硫同位素的变化规律。结果显示,该剖面的盐类矿物主要有石盐、石膏、芒硝及钙芒硝;芒硝层沉积的最大年龄为275.3±47.9 ka BP;剖面自下而上表现为由厚层纯净芒硝向含石膏石盐岩演变的特征,下部为芒硝层,中下部出现钙芒硝,中上部石盐含量最高,上部石盐含量相对减少,石膏含量增加,与之相对应的是沉积物化学组成中钾、镁和钙的含量稳定增高,硫酸根和钠含量总体降低。厚层芒硝沉积时期,马海盐湖处于持续干冷的气候条件,有利于盐湖卤水中钾、镁持续富集,为在局部富集形成固体钾矿奠定了基础。
Abstract	A thick layer of mirabilite was deposited in the lower part of the potassium-bearing strata of the Mahai Salt Lake in the Qaidam Basin. Unlike potassium salts, which usually formed in dry and hot climate, mirabilite is mostly formed under extremely cold conditions. Therefore, the study of the sedimentary characteristics and genesis of thick-layer mirabilite is of great significance for understanding the evolution of ancient environments and their impact on potassium salt mineralization. The article takes the stratigraphic profile of thick-layer mirabilite developed in the Mahai mining area of the Qaidam Basin as the research object, through systematic sampling, thin section identification, chemical composition, mineral type, and sulfur isotope analysis were carried out to study the changes in the chemical composition, mineral type, and sulfur isotope of the profile. The results show that the salt minerals in this section are main stone salt, gypsum, mirabilite, and glauberite, the maximum deposition age of the mirabilite layer is 275.3 ±47.9 ka BP, the research section shows the characteristic of evolution from thick-layer pure mirabilite to gypsum-bearing stone salt from bottom to top. The lower part is mirabilite layer, and glauberite appears in the middle and lower parts. The highest content of stone salt is in the middle and upper parts, while the content of stone salt in the upper part relatively decreases and the content of gypsum increases. Correspondingly, the content of potassium, magnesium, and calcium in the chemical composition of sediments steadily increases, while the overall content of sulfate ions and sodium decreases. During the period of thick-layer mirabilite deposition, Mahai Salt Lake was in a continuously dry and cold climate, which was beneficial to the continuous enrichment and increase of potassium and magnesium in the brine of the salt lake, which laid a foundation for the formation of solid potassium ore through local enrichment.
关键词	厚层芒硝；沉积特征；成因分析；马海盐湖；柴达木盆地
KeyWord	thick-layer mirabilite; sedimentary characters; cause analysis; Mahai Salt Lake; Qaidam Basin
基金项目
页码	311-324

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贺荟文，赵艳军，阮壮，王楠*，崔子豪，胡宇飞. 柴达木盆地马海盐湖厚层芒硝沉积特征及其成因 [J]. 岩石矿物学杂志. 2025; 44; (2). 311 - 324.

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