| Abstract |
Objective: To explore the factors affecting cognitive function in the community elderly and the relationship between cognitive function and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Methods: The cognitive function, depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms of 3387 elderly aged 65 and above in Haidian District of Beijing were investigated by using Ascertain Dementia 8-item Questionnaire (AD8), Geriatric Depression Scale 15 (GDS-15) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the correlation between cognitive function and depression and anxiety symptoms. Results: 47.06% of the subjects were male, with an average age of (72.92±6.46) years. The positive rates of cognitive function, depression and anxiety were 23.71%, 16.92% and 10.84%, respectively, and 6.61% of the subjects also had symptoms of depression and anxiety. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age group ≥85 years old and age group 75-84 years old, female, the source of income is provided by their children, self-rated hearing loss and poor self-rated health were risk factors for cognitive decline. The source of income is savings and insurance, light or average diet, regular exercise are protective factors for cognitive decline. Compared with the elderly without depression and anxiety symptoms, only depression symptoms (OR=4.596, 95%CI: 3.802~5.556), anxiety symptoms (OR=3.800, 95%CI: 3.041~4.749), depression and anxiety symptoms co-existed (OR=4.721, 95%CI: 3.578~6.230) was associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment, and remained statistically significant after adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and health behavior factors (P<0.001). Conclusion: Old age, women, the source of income is provided by their children, unhealthy diet, no regular exercise, self-rated hearing loss, self-rated poor health status, depression, anxiety or both symptoms are higher risk of cognitive decline, and are the key groups for the prevention of cognitive impairment.
|