居家腹膜透析患者家庭照护者负担与支持干预研究进展

Progress in research on caregiver burden and support interventions for home peritoneal dialysis patients

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DOI 10.12208/j.ijnr.20260174
刊名
International Journal of Nursing Research
年,卷(期) 2026, 8(4)
作者
作者单位

湖北医药学院附属十堰市太和医院 湖北十堰;

摘要
本文系统综述了居家腹膜透析患者家庭照护者负担的现状、影响因素及支持干预的理论基础与实施模式,并对干预效果进行了综合评估,探讨了当前研究中存在的挑战与未来发展方向。研究表明,居家腹膜透析患者的家庭照护者普遍面临较高的多维度负担,涵盖身体、心理、经济及社会交往等方面,这种负担对照护者和患者双方均产生深远影响。患者的疾病特征、照护者自身的健康和心理状态、社会支持及环境资源是影响照护者负担的关键因素。基于行为改变理论模型的支持干预,如健康教育、心理赋能、社会支持提升及智能辅助工具的应用,显示出显著改善照护者自我效能、心理健康、社会支持感及患者依从性和生活质量的效果。然而,个体差异和资源限制带来的个体化干预难度及长期干预效果维持等问题仍需进一步解决。未来研究应加强多学科协同,推动医疗、社区和家庭联动,发展个性化与智能化结合的综合支持策略,以优化居家腹膜透析患者照护体系,并提升照护者的身心健康与生活质量。
Abstract
This systematic review examines the current status of caregiver burden among family members of home peritoneal dialysis patients, its influencing factors, and the theoretical foundations and implementation models of support interventions. It comprehensively evaluates intervention outcomes, discusses challenges in existing research, and explores future directions. Research indicates that family caregivers of home peritoneal dialysis patients commonly experience high multidimensional burdens encompassing physical, psychological, economic, and social interaction aspects. This burden profoundly impacts both caregivers and patients. Key factors influencing caregiver burden include patient disease characteristics, caregivers' own health and psychological status, social support, and environmental resources. Support interventions grounded in behavioral change theory models—such as health education, psychological empowerment, enhanced social support, and smart assistive tools—demonstrated significant improvements in caregivers' self-efficacy, mental health, perceived social support, as well as patients' adherence and quality of life. However, challenges remain in addressing individual differences and resource constraints for personalized interventions, along with sustaining long-term intervention effects. Future research should strengthen multidisciplinary collaboration, promote coordination among healthcare, community, and family resources, and develop comprehensive support strategies integrating personalized and intelligent approaches. This will optimize the care system for home peritoneal dialysis patients while enhancing caregivers' physical and mental health and quality of life.
关键词
居家腹膜透析;家庭照护者;照护负担;支持干预;行为改变模型;智能辅助工具
KeyWord
Home peritoneal dialysis; Family caregivers; Caregiving burden; Support interventions; Behavioral change model; Smart assistive tools
基金项目
页码 17-21
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周贝柠. 居家腹膜透析患者家庭照护者负担与支持干预研究进展 [J]. 国际护理学研究. 2026; 8; (4). 17 - 21.

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