International Journal of Clinical Research

Objective To systematically evaluate the application value of combined detection of blood and urine biochemical indicators in the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods A total of 186 patients with type 2 diabetes were selected and divided into a simple diabetes group (DM group, 92 cases) and an early diabetic nephropathy group (EDN group, 94 cases) according to guidelines, with a healthy control group (NC group, 90 cases) also established. Fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, serum cystatin C (Cys C), homocysteine (Hcy), urinary microalbumin, urinary α1-microglobulin, and other indicators were measured in all subjects, and the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) was calculated. Differences in indicators among the groups were compared, and the diagnostic efficacy of different detection schemes was analyzed. Results The levels of serum Cys C, Hcy, and urinary UACR in the EDN group were higher than those in the DM group and the NC group. When serum Cys C, Hcy, and UACR were used in combination for diagnosis, both sensitivity and specificity were higher than those of any single indicator. Compared with the traditional single UACR detection, the diagnostic accuracy of the combined detection scheme increased from 84.9% to 93.5%. Conclusion The combination of blood and urine biochemical indicators can more comprehensively and sensitively identify early diabetic nephropathy. Its diagnostic efficacy is superior to that of single indicator detection, demonstrating significant clinical value.

Diabetic nephropathy; Early diagnosis; Blood biochemical test; Urine biochemical test