International Journal of Clinical Research

Objective To explore the application value of a gut microbiota regulation program combining “probiotic supplementation + microbiota-oriented diet + behavioral intervention” in the nursing care of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to clarify its effects on glycemic control, metabolic indicators, and gut microbiota composition. Methods A total of 96 T2DM patients from March to September 2024 were selected and randomly assigned using a random number table into a control group (48 cases, receiving routine diabetes care) and an experimental group (48 cases, receiving routine care plus gut microbiota intervention). After 12 weeks of intervention, fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial glucose (2hPG), HbA1c, metabolic indicators, and gut microbiota abundance were compared between the two groups. Results In the experimental group, FBG (5.8 ± 0.7 mmol/L), 2hPG (8.2 ± 1.1 mmol/L), and HbA1c (6.3 ± 0.5%) were all lower than in the control group (7.2 ± 0.9 mmol/L, 10.5 ± 1.4 mmol/L, 7.5 ± 0.6%) (t = 8.562, 9.438, 10.925, P < 0.001). The abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus was higher, while Escherichia coli abundance was lower in the experimental group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Gut microbiota intervention can optimize the gut microbial structure in T2DM patients and improve glycemic control, demonstrating significant clinical nursing value.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Gut microbiota intervention; Glycemic control; Probiotics; Nursing value