International Journal of Mechanical Engineering

With the increasing adoption of additive manufacturing (3D printing) in toy production, material safety has become a critical concern. As 3D-printed toys come into direct contact with children, the potential presence of hazardous substances and migration risks in these materials have drawn significant attention from both society and regulatory authorities. This paper investigates the safety of 3D-printed toy materials, analyzing the characteristics and potential hazards of commonly used polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyamide (PA), and photosensitive resins. In accordance with national and international standards, existing testing methods—including physicochemical analysis, toxicological testing, and migration studies—are systematically reviewed. By evaluating the applicability and limitations of different methodologies, this research proposes a comprehensive testing framework for 3D-printed toys, providing valuable references for manufacturers, quality control systems, and standardization efforts.

Additive manufacturing; 3D printing; Toy materials; Safety testing; Hazardous substances