Journal of Engineering Research

Forest area road planning significantly impacts forest ecosystems while promoting regional economic development. This paper focuses on the ecological changes during the road planning process, systematically evaluating its mechanisms of influence on forest vegetation structure, biodiversity, hydrological cycles, and soil quality. The study shows that unreasonable road layouts may lead to forest fragmentation, loss of species habitats, and degradation of ecological functions, thereby weakening ecosystem stability and recovery capabilities. By combining scientific planning with ecological protection measures, it is possible to effectively mitigate the negative effects of road construction and promote sustainable development in forest areas. This paper aims to provide a reference for ecological protection in forest area road planning, facilitating the coordinated advancement of ecology and development.

Forest road planning; Forest ecosystem; Ecological impact assessment; Ecological protection; Sustainable development