International Journal of Clinical Research

Objective In-depth analyze clinical features of esophageal and gastric variceal bleeding due to portal vein cavernous transformation and clarify treatment strategies to enhance clinicians' understanding. Methods Choose a patient with portal vein cavernous transformation-induced gastrointestinal bleeding, collect detailed clinical data, summarize case manifestations, clarify diagnostic examination methods and criteria, and outline treatment approaches. Results After symptomatic and endoscopic care, bleeding control and anemia amelioration occurred. Consultation suggested transfer to a higher-level hospital for Rex bypass to relieve portal hypertension. Conclusion Sponge-like portal vein change is a rare cause of esophageal-gastric variceal bleeding. Given its condition's traits, conservative treatment alone rarely cures it; surgical intervention is often needed to relieve portal hypertension, prevent rebleeding, and enhance prognosis.

Cavernous transformation of portal vein; Esophageal and gastric varices; Portal hypertension