Contemporary Nursing

Objective To construct a discharge preparation service program for caregivers of patients with moderate to severe craniocerebral injury (MS-TBI) and explore its clinical application effect. Methods Through literature research and quality evaluation, an initial plan was established. Twenty multidisciplinary experts were invited to optimize it in two rounds using the Delphi method to form the final draft. From January 2024 to June 2025, 138 patients with MS-TBI and their caregivers in the neurosurgery department of a tertiary hospital were selected and divided into the intervention group (70 cases) and the control group (68 cases) according to the wards. The control group received routine health education, while the intervention group applied the construction plan (in-hospital intervention throughout the hospitalization process). Compare the caregiver readiness (the main indicator) and other related indicators before and after the intervention. Results The plan was constructed through literature research and two rounds of Delphi inquiries, covering 4 themes and 44 items. The relevant coefficients of the expert inquiries all met the standards, and the opinions were consistent. In clinical application, both the intervention group and the control group had a small number of cases dropped out. After the intervention, the preparedness of caregivers in the intervention group was significantly improved, their care ability was enhanced, anxiety was reduced, and the quality of life was improved. The daily living ability and cognitive ability of patients were also significantly improved. The differences in each indicator between the groups were statistically significant. It was confirmed that the discharge preparation service plan for caregivers of patients with moderate to severe craniocerebral injury was scientifically feasible and highly effective. Conclusion The constructed plan is scientifically feasible. The intervention throughout the entire hospitalization process can significantly enhance the preparedness of caregivers, improve the outcomes of caregivers and patients, and has clinical promotion value.

Moderate to severe traumatic brain injury; Caregivers; Discharge readiness service; Delphi method; Caregiving ability; Prognosis