Scientific Development Research

Objective This review aims to delineate the concept ofpreoperative anxiety, evaluate the efficacy of various assessment methodologies, and explore the impact of preoperative anxiety on surgical outcomes. Additionally, it seeks to analyze and synthesize the effectiveness of intervention strategies. Methods This review systematically integrate existing literature to analyze the factors contributing to preoperative anxiety. Simultaneously, we compares and analyzes various anxiety assessment scales. Finally, we summarize the impact of preoperative anxiety on postoperative recovery and effective intervention measures. Results The primary influencing factors of preoperative anxiety include gender, type of surgery, and the patients psychological state. Assessment tools for measuring preoperative anxiety include the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), etc. Assessment methods should be selected based on specific circumstances. Studies indicate that preoperative anxiety increases the incidence of postoperative complications and prolongs recovery time. Interventions include pharmacological treatments (e.g., midazolam, melatonin) and non-pharmacological methods (e.g., music therapy, acupuncture, psychological support), both of which are effective in alleviating anxiety. Conclusion Preoperative anxiety can significantly impact the outcome of surgery. Therefore, it is necessary to employ personalized assessment tools and diverse intervention strategies to to optimize patient outcomes.

Preoperative anxiety; Surgical outcomes; Pharmacological interventions; Non-pharmacological interventions; Assessment tools