Scientific Development Research

When quantum sensors are used to measure weak currents, thermal noise, shot noise, and quantum decoherence noise significantly affect the accuracy of the measurements. Thermal noise, which is temperature-dependent, originates from the thermal motion of particles; shot noise is caused by the discreteness of charges; and quantum decoherence noise arises from the interaction between qubits and the environment. To address these issues, low-temperature cooling and the use of high-quality materials can reduce thermal noise. Optimizing qubit design and incorporating current shaping techniques can help suppress shot noise. Quantum error correction codes and active feedback control can effectively manage quantum decoherence noise. A multi-dimensional optimization strategy, involving material selection, circuit design, and system integration, evaluates the effectiveness of noise suppression through tests on noise power spectral density, measurement accuracy, and stability, providing an effective approach to achieve high-precision weak current detection.

Quantum sensor; Weak current detection; Noise suppression; Low-temperature cooling; Quantum error correction code