Optimising Crumb Rubber Integration in Hot Mix Asphalt-Journal of Sustainability Research-CSCIED科技核心评价数据库-手机版

Optimising Crumb Rubber Integration in Hot Mix Asphalt

Optimising Crumb Rubber Integration in Hot Mix Asphalt

ES评分 0 浏览量：353 下载量：0

DOI	10.20900/jsr20250041
刊名	Journal of Sustainability Research JSR
年，卷(期)	2025, 7(2)
作者	Veshan Ramroop,Lee Leon,Chris Maharaj*,
作者单位	Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, St. Augustine 330912, Trinidad and Tobago ; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, St. Augustine 330912, Trinidad and Tobago ;
Abstract	This study examined the integration of crumb rubber (CR) into hot mix asphalt (HMA) using Trinidad Lake Asphalt (TLA) modified bitumen and the dry process, addressing a critical gap in sustainable road construction. Microwave pre-treatment of the CR was identified as the most suitable method for local application, contributing to reduced bitumen absorption. The research utilised locally sourced CR derived from end-of-life tyres, promoting sustainable practices and supporting circular economy principles. Initial mix design evaluations revealed that only the 0% and 1% CR mixes met acceptable criteria for air voids, voids in mineral aggregate, voids filled with bitumen, stability, and flow. These mixes were further subjected to Indirect Tensile Stiffness Modulus (ITSM), Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR), and Marshall Stability and Flow tests. The 1% CR mix demonstrated a 14.29% reduction in optimal bitumen content (OBC) compared to a similar study, while requiring 8.48% less bitumen than the 0% CR mix in this study, validating the efficacy of microwave pre-treatment in reducing bitumen absorption. Performance testing revealed strong moisture resistance, with TSR values exceeding 0.7. The 1% CR mix exhibited a TSR value 4.92% higher than the 0% CR mix, affirming its superior moisture damage resistance. However, lower-than-expected ITSM and Marshall Stability values may have been attributed to CR sizes, fibre content in the CR, and dry mix process. Despite these limitations, the findings affirm the potential of locally sourced CR to enhance the sustainability of HMA, reducing reliance on virgin aggregates. Future research should focus on refining mix designs and assessing long-term performance under tropical conditions to solidify CR modified asphalt pavement as a sustainable solution for infrastructure development. Additionally, further investigation is needed to isolate the individual and combined effects of the CR particle size used in this study versus microwave treatment on bitumen absorption.
KeyWord	crumb rubber; microwave pre-treatment; Trinidad lake asphalt; dry process; asphalt pavement; hot mix asphalt; sustainable construction
基金项目
页码	-

参考文献
相关文献

1.Lakhali AK, Yahaya FM, Almalik MA. Effects of crumb rubber at different sizes in asphalt mixtures on mechanical properties. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2021;682(1):012028.

2.Wulandari PS, Thesman A, Tjandra D. Effect of crumb rubber as fine aggregate replacement in cold mixture asphalt. Civil Engineering Dimension. 2019;21(2):107-12.

3.Elliot T, Carter A, Ghattuwar S, Levasseur A. Environmental impacts of road pavement rehabilitation. Transp Res Part D Transp Environ. 2023;118:103720.

4.Dolcy K, Townsend T. Challenges to alternative fuel vehicle usage in Trinidad. West Indian J Eng. 2022;44(2):20-8.

5.Sulyman M, Sienkiewicz M, Haponiuk J. Asphalt pavement material improvement: A review. Int J Environ Sci Dev. 2014;5:444-54.

6.Mensahn E, Lugeiyamu L, Kunlin M. Flexible pavement: A review on the influence of waste rubber particles in asphalt and asphalt mixtures. Int J Res Eng Technol. 2020;07(09):3250-63.

7.Rondón-Quintana HA, Ruge-Cárdenas JC, Zafra-Mejía CA. Natural asphalts in pavements: Review. Sustainability. 2023;15(3):2098.

8.Gandage A. Modified Bitumen: A review. Nicmar J Constr Manag. 2022;37(4):64-7.

9.Bocci E, Prosperi E, Bocci M. Rheological modeling of bituminous mixtures including polymer-modified binder and fine crumb rubber added through dry process. Materials. 2023;16(1):310.

10.Tan EH, Zahran EMM, Tan SJ. The optimal use of crumb rubber in hot-mix asphalt by dry process: A laboratory investigation using Marshall mix design. Transp Eng. 2022;10:100145.

11.Unsiwilai S, Sangpetngam B. Influences of particle size and content on deformation resistance of crumb rubber modified asphalt using dry process mix. Eng J. 2018;22(3):181-93.

12.Tahami SA, Mirhosseini AF, Dessouky S, Mork H, Kavussi A. The use of high content of fine crumb rubber in asphalt mixes using dry process. Constr Build Mater. 2019;222:643-53.

13.Bueno M, Haag R, Heeb N, Mikhailenko P, Boesiger L, Poulikakos LD. Functional and environmental performance of plant-produced crumb rubber asphalt mixtures using the dry process. Mater Struct. 2021;54:1-7.

14.Makoundou C, Johansson K, Wallqvist V, Sangiorgi C. Functionalization of crumb rubber surface for incorporation into asphalt layers of reduced stiffness: An overview of existing treatment approaches. Recycling. 2021;6(1):19.

15.Thives LP, Pais JC, Pereira PAA, Palha CAOF, Trichês G. Contribution of asphalt rubber mixtures to sustainable pavements by reducing pavement thickness. Materials. 2022;15(23):8592.

16.Xie J, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Ma Y, Li J, Huang M. The effect of activation method of rubber on the performance of modified asphalt binder. Materials. 2020;13(17):3679.

17.Badughaish A, Wang J, Xiao F. The effect of solution soaking pretreatments on the surface chemistry of crumb rubber. J Rubber Res. 2022;25(5):451-64.

18.Presti DL. Recycled tyre rubber modified bitumens for road asphalt mixtures: A literature review. Constr Build Mater. 2013;49:863-81.

19.Subhy A, Airey GD, Presti DL. An investigation of the mechanical properties of rubber modified asphalt mixtures using a modified dry process. In: Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields. Boca Raton (US): CRC Press; 2017. p. 343-8.

20.Eltwati AS, Saad I, Elsaiti A. The effect of crumb rubber on properties of asphalt mix by dry process. Int J Eng Inf Technol. 2019;5(2):86-9.

21.Nguyen HTT, Tran TN. Effects of crumb rubber content and curing time on the properties of asphalt concrete and stone mastic asphalt using dry process. Int J Pavement Res Technol. 2018;11(3):236-44.

22.Ma F, Dai J, Fu Z, Liu J, Dong W, Huang Z. A new type of crumb rubber asphalt mixture: A dry process design and performance evaluation. Appl Sci. 2020;10(1):372.

23.Kamarudin SNN, Hainin MR, Warid MNM, Satar MKIM, Hassan NA. Performance of asphalt mixture incorporating activated crumb rubber as additive. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2021;1144(1):012081.

24.Zhao X, Li F, Zhang X, Cao J, Wang X. Rheological properties and viscosity reduction mechanism of aromatic/naphthenic oil pre-swelling crumb rubber modified asphalt. Constr Build Mater. 2023;398:132545.

25.Dong D, Huang X, Li X, Zhang L. Swelling process of rubber in asphalt and its effect on the structure and properties of rubber and asphalt. Constr Build Mater. 2012;29:316-22.

26.Bressi S, Fiorentini N, Huang J, Losa M. Crumb rubber modifier in road asphalt pavements: State of the art and statistics. Coatings. 2019;9(6):384.

27.Yin L, Yang X, Shen A, Wu H, Lyu Z, Li B. Mechanical properties and reaction mechanism of microwave-activated crumb rubber-modified asphalt before and after thermal aging. Constr Build Mater. 2021;267:120773.

28.Yang X, Shen A, Li B, Wu H, Lyu Z, Wang H, et al. Effect of microwave-activated crumb rubber on reaction mechanism, rheological properties, thermal stability, and released volatiles of asphalt binder. J Clean Prod. 2020;248:119230.

29.Liang M, Qiu Z, Luan X, Qi C, Guo N, Liu Z, et al. The effects of activation treatments for crumb rubber on the compatibility and mechanical performance of modified asphalt binder and mixture by the dry method. Front Mater. 2022;9:845718.

30.Zhang X, Wang X, Wan C, Yang B, Tang Z, Li W. Performance evaluation of asphalt binder and mixture modified by pre-treated crumb rubber. Constr Build Mater. 2023;362:129777.

31.Feng X, Liang H, Dai Z. Rheological properties and microscopic mechanism of waste cooking oil activated waste crumb rubber modified asphalt. J Road Eng. 2022;2(4):357-68.

32.Ruikun D, Huifang Y, Mengzhen Z, Wang H. Preparation of asphalt modifier made of waste tire crumb rubber and waste cooking oil. J Mater Civil Eng. 2022;34(8):04022175.

33.Liu Q, Liu J, Yu B, Zhang J, Wang Y, Xiao C. Study on the properties of waste oil-activated crumb rubber-modified asphalt based on molecular dynamics simulation and rheology. Adv Mater Sci Eng. 2022;2022:7751479.

34.Mychajliw AM, Mohammed RS, Rice KA, Farrell AB, Rincón AD, McAfee R, et al. The biogeography of “Breas”: Contextualizing the taphonomy, ecology, and diversity of Trinidad’s asphaltic fossil record. Quat Sci Rev. 2020;232:106179.

35.He R, Zheng S, Chen H, Kuang D. Investigation of the physical and rheological properties of trinidad lake asphalt modified bitumen. Constr Build Mater. 2019;203:734-39.

36.Xu S, Hu C, Yu J, Liu R, Zhou X. Influence of Trinidad Lake Asphalt on the physical and anti-aging properties of petroleum asphalt. Pet Sci Technol. 2017;35(23):2194-200.

37.Çeloğlu ME, Yalçın E, Kök BV, Alataş T, Norambuena-Contreras J, Garcia A, et al. Effects of different bitumen modifiers on the rutting and cracking resistance of hot mix asphalts. Int J Pavement Eng. 2020;21(6):703-12.

38.Meng Y, Wei X, Lei J, Liao Y, Huang K, Lai J, et al. Effect of bio-asphalt as additive on macro and micro properties of TLA modified asphalt and its modification mechanism. Constr Build Mater. 2023;365:130079.

39.Zhou J, Li J, Liu G, Yang T, Zhao Y. Recycling aged asphalt using hard asphalt binder for hot-mixing recycled asphalt mixture. Appl Sci. 2021;11(12):5698.

40.Hassan NA, Almusawi AAA, Mahmud MZH, Abdullah NAM, Shukry NAM, Mashros N, et al. Engineering properties of crumb rubber modified dense-graded asphalt mixtures using dry process. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2019;220(1):012009.

41.Almusawi A, Abdulrahman HS, Shakhan MR, Doğaroğlu B. Effects of crumb rubber size and concentration on Marshall parameters of rubberized asphalt mixture. Pamukkale Univ J Eng Sci. 2020;26(6):1048-52.

42.Sundara A, Sari RR, Balqis TA. Comparative study of asphalt concrete characteristic between ideal gradation and laboratory tested gradation with crumb rubber. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2019;650(1):012044.

43.Vahdatbin M, Jamshidi M. Using chemical agent in microwave assisted devulcanization of NR/SBR blends: An effective recycling method. Resour Conserv Recycl. 2022;179:106045.

44.Asphalt Institute. Asphalt mix design methods. 7th ed. Lexington (US): Asphalt Institute; 2015.

45.Mirhosseini AF, Tahami A, Hoff I, Dessouky S, Kavussi A, Fuentes L, et al. Performance characterization of warm-mix asphalt containing high reclaimed-asphalt pavement with bio-oil rejuvenator. J Mater Civil Eng. 2020;32(12):04020382.

46.Bérubé M-A, Lamothe S, Bilodeau K, Carter A. Laboratory study of the effects of the mixer type and mixing time on the volumetric properties and performance of a HMA with 30 percent reclaimed asphalt pavement. Materials. 2023;16(3):1300.

47.Joni HH, Abed AH. Evaluation of the moisture sensitivity of asphalt mixtures modified with waste tire rubber. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2022;961(1):012029.

48.Leon LP, Roopnarine K, Azamathulla HM, Chadee AA, Rathnayake U. A performance-based design framework for enhanced asphalt concrete in the Caribbean region. Buildings. 2023;13(7):1661.

49.Leon LP, Maharaj C, Ramoutar L, Maharaj R. Volumetric and performance-based evaluation of crumb rubber bituminous blends. J Smart Sci Technol. 2025;5(1):55-63.

引用本文

Veshan Ramroop,Lee Leon,Chris Maharaj*. Optimising Crumb Rubber Integration in Hot Mix Asphalt, Journal of Sustainability Research. 2025; 7; (2). https://doi.org/10.20900/jsr20250041.

文献评论

相关学者

相关机构