A Focused Review of Gamma Neuromodulation as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer’s Spectrum Disorders-Journal of Psychiatry and Brain Science-CSCIED科技核心评价数据库-手机版

A Focused Review of Gamma Neuromodulation as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer’s Spectrum Disorders

A Focused Review of Gamma Neuromodulation as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer’s Spectrum Disorders

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DOI	10.20900/jpbs.20240001
刊名	Journal of Psychiatry and Brain Science JPBS
年，卷(期)	2024, 9(1)
作者	I-Wei Shu,Yayu Lin,Eric L. Granholm,Fiza Singh*,
作者单位	1 Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; 2 Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; 3 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
Abstract	The aging population of the world is increasing at an unprecedented rate which is expected to lead to a corresponding unparalleled increase in age related diseases. Of particular concern are the large number of older adults expected to develop Alzheimers disease (AD), which will require extraordinary local, national and worldwide healthcare resources. In this context, innovative interventions are needed urgently to delay AD onset and thereby give our healthcare systems time to prepare and provide meaningful care to our aging populations. This focused review discusses the crucial role of frontal gamma oscillations as a therapeutic target to delay or ameliorate cognitive decline in AD. Frontal gamma oscillations, including from prefrontal cortical areas, serve as a biomarker for working memory and other cognitive functions, and their impairment is observed before clinical symptoms manifest. This review evaluates evidence from animal models and human subjects to highlight the correlation between gamma wave abnormalities and cognitive deterioration. Furthermore, the review summarizes 11 clinical studies using neuromodulation techniques designed to stimulate gamma oscillations in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD patients, including transcranial electrical stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and rhythmic sensory stimulation. These interventions have shown promise in mitigating early-stage cognitive decline, as evidenced by improved performance on memory tests, increased gamma oscillatory responses, and some have even shown reduced brain atrophy. These early studies suggest that treatments that strengthen frontal gamma oscillatory responses through neuromodulation are a promising approach to delay cognitive decline, that may serve as an adjunct to other therapies or as a standalone treatment in some populations.
KeyWord	mild cognitive impairment; gamma oscillations, transcranial alternating current stimulation; transcranial direct current stimulation; EEG neurofeedback
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I-Wei Shu,Yayu Lin,Eric L. Granholm,Fiza Singh*. A Focused Review of Gamma Neuromodulation as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer’s Spectrum Disorders, Journal of Psychiatry and Brain Science. 2024; 9; (1). https://doi.org/10.20900/jpbs.20240001.

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