| 摘要 |
【摘要】 社区戒毒康复工作存在诸多挑战，如康复群体缺乏主动性，对康复者的监控能力薄弱，约束作用有限等，亟需建立立足社区的社会心理干预康复模式。方法 本研究选取厦门某社区共121名海洛因依赖的戒毒康复者进行个体、团体及社区层面的心理干预，在基线、干预12月、24月后分别进行症状自评量表(Symptom Check List, SCL-90)、成瘾指数量表（Addiction Severity Index, ASI）的量表测评，复吸率、就业率及犯罪率的评估。结果 12月及24月后随访发现，康复者SCL-90各维度评分均得到显著提高，ASI因子如躯体健康、精神健康、酒精使用、违法犯罪、家庭关系均较基线情况显著改善，康复者尿检阳性率（Q=31.32, P＜0.001）、犯罪率（Q=49.75, P＜0.001）较基线显著下降，就业率（Q=68.20, P＜0.001）显著上升。结论 本研究立足当地社区现状和需求，采用了社会心理康复模式的干预，促进了康复者精神心理和社会功能等多维度的康复，显著提高了康复者的就业率，降低了复吸率和犯罪率，具一定推广意义。
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| Abstract |
【Abstract】 Objective There are many challenges in community drug rehabilitation, such as the lack of initiative, the weak ability to monitor drug users, and the limited restraint effect. It is urgent to establish a community-based psychosocial intervention rehabilitation model. Methods total of 121 heroin dependent patients in a community in Xiamen were selected for psychological intervention on individual, group and community levels. Symptom Check List (SCL-90), Addiction Severity Index (ASI), relapse rate, employment rate and crime rate were evaluated at baseline, 12 months and 24 months after intervention. Results The follow-up of 12 months and 24 months showed that the scores of SCL-90 in all dimensions were significantly improved, the ASI factors such as physical health, mental health, alcohol use, delinquency and family relationship were significantly improved compared with the baseline, the positive rate of urine test (Q=31.32, P＜0.001) and crime rate (Q=49.75, P＜0.001) were significantly decreased, and the employment rate (Q=68.20, P＜0.001) was significantly increased. Conclusion Based on the current situation and needs of the local community, this study adopted the intervention of social psychological multi-dimensional rehabilitation mode, which promoted mental, psychological and social functions of heroin dependent patients, significantly increased the employment rate of the rehabilitated patients, and reduced the relapse rate and crime rate, which has certain popularization significance.
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