| Abstract |
【Abstract】Objective To analyze risk factors associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and to provide related references for the prevention and intervention concerned. Methods 120 children diagnosed with ASD in a psychiatric hospital in Shijiazhuang City from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the case group, and 120 healthy children with gender and age matched were chosen as the control group based on 1:1 matching method. The general information of the two groups of children and parents, including maternal conditions, neonatal information, and etc., were collected. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors of ASD. Results There were 97 males (80.8%) in the case group, and the mean age was (4.78±1.558) years. The control group consisted of 98 males (81.7%) with an average age of (4.73±1.527) years. Univariate analysis suggested that paternal occupation, maternal occupation, paternal parenting time, relationship between mother and children, family history, age of pregnancy, history of multiple births, history of preterm birth, mode of delivery, history of disease during pregnancy, regular oral administration of folic acid, history of drugs during pregnancy, mother’s mood swings during pregnancy, use of anesthesia during delivery, fetal hypoxia and hyperbilirubinemia were associated with ASD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that family history, pregnancy age over 39 years old, mothers unemployment, relationship between mother and children, mother’s mood swings during pregnancy, and mothers medicine used during pregnancy were independent risk factors for ASD (P< 0.05). Paternal parenting time (>2h/d) was an independent protective factor for ASD (P < 0.05). Conclusion The occurrence of ASD is influenced by many factors such as heredity, maternal conditions and family environments. Programs to support the mental health of parents with ASD can greatly reduce their parenting stress, enhance the initiative of parenting intervention and improve the social and communication skills of children with ASD. In the future, health education on risk factors should be strengthened, and the awareness of ASD in the whole society should be further improved, in order to emphasize the importance of early detection, thus reducing the risk of ASD.
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