International Journal of Clinical Research

Background of the Study: In humanitarian emergencies, such as natural disasters, wars, and global epidemics, caregivers assume a crucial role. With the frequency of global crises, the role of nursing in emergency response has come under increasing scrutiny. Although a large number of studies have explored the role of nursing in such situations, systematic reviews on nursing leadership, ethical decision-making, non-communicable disease (NCD) management, and caregiver training are still scarce. Therefore, this study aims to fill the research gaps in these areas and provide more comprehensive care strategies for responding to future emergencies. Study Objective: The main objective of this review was to provide insights into the roles, challenges, and coping strategies of caregivers in responding to humanitarian emergencies. By analysing the role of caregivers in first aid, trauma care, public health interventions, and psychosocial support, this study seeks to clarify the practical value of nursing leadership in crisis management and the importance of nursing ethics in resource allocation and cross-cultural care. The study also aimed to assess the role of nursing in the management of non-communicable diseases and to explore ways to improve the level of emergency preparedness of nursing staff through training and international co-operation. Research Methodology: Using a systematic literature review approach, this study screened and analysed key research literature in the relevant fields and provided in-depth analyses with real-life cases and data. By comparing and synthesising existing studies, this review explores the specific role of caregivers in emergencies, and proposes relevant strategic recommendations in the light of actual cases and data. The study also explores the applicability and limitations of different nursing leadership models, ethical decision-making models, and transcultural nursing practice through case studies and data comparisons. Results and Findings: The results of the study suggest that the role of caregivers in emergency situations involves not only direct medical care, but also multiple dimensions of leadership, coordination, and ethical decision-making. The results of the study showed that by participating in high-fidelity simulation training and international standardised training, the emergency response and professional skills of caregivers were significantly improved, which was verified in a number of actual emergency situations. In addition, the study found that the role of caregivers in NCD management could not be ignored, and that they played a key role in post-disaster recovery through community-based care and cross-sectoral collaboration. In ethical decision-making and cross-cultural care, caregivers demonstrated great cultural sensitivity and moral judgement, providing more humane care to patients. Conclusion: This study summarises the multiple roles of caregivers and the challenges they face in humanitarian emergencies, and makes recommendations to enhance caregiver training, promote international cooperation, and improve ethical decision-making. Future research should continue to focus on the role of nursing in global emergencies and explore ways to further improve the effectiveness and adaptability of nursing practice to meet increasingly complex global health challenges.

Humanitarian Nursing; Emergency Response; Nursing Leadership; Non-Communicable Disease Management; Nursing Ethics