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[Abstract] Objective To study the status quo and influencing factors of anxiety and depression after dual-channel percutaneous nephroscopy in patients with complex renal calculi, in order to provide targeted guidance for the prevention of postoperative anxiety and depression. Methods 256 patients with complex renal calculi who underwent dual-channel percutaneous nephroscopic surgery in the hospital from January 2019 to January 2022 were selected as the research subjects. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used for evaluation after surgery, and the patients were divided into anxiety group and non-anxiety group, depression group and non-depression group by means of the score. The clinical data of patients were collected, and univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were adopted to analyze the influencing factors affecting the occurrence of anxiety and depression in patients with complex renal calculi after dual-channel percutaneous nephroscopy. Results Among 256 patients with complex renal calculi after dual-channel percutaneous nephroscopy, there were 65 cases (25.39%) of mild-to-moderate anxiety, 8 cases (3.13%) of severe anxiety and 183 cases (71.48%) without anxiety, and there were 53 cases (20.70%) of mild-to-moderate depression, 6 cases (2.34%) of severe depression and 197 cases (76.95%) without depression. The scores of anxiety and depression before surgery were lower than those after surgery (P<0.05). Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that place of residence (rural area), monthly income (<3000 yuan), payment method (self-pay/new rural cooperative medical system) and presence of diabetes mellitus were the risk factors for postoperative anxiety (P<0.05). Female, educational level (primary school and below), place of residence (rural area), marital status (divorced/widowed), monthly income (<3000 yuan), and postoperative complications were risk factors for postoperative depression (P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence rates of anxiety and depression are higher after dual-channel percutaneous nephroscopy in patients with complex renal calculi. Rural area, monthly income, self-pay/new rural cooperative medical system, diabetes mellitus, Low education level, divorced/widowed status, and postoperative complications are risk factors for occurrence of postoperative anxiety and depression in patients. Clinically, it is necessary to take targeted measures to prevent the occurrence of postoperative anxiety and depression.
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