Comparing Goal Setting Approaches to Boosting Pro-Environmental Behaviors-Journal of Sustainability Research-CSCIED科技核心评价数据库-手机版

Comparing Goal Setting Approaches to Boosting Pro-Environmental Behaviors

Comparing Goal Setting Approaches to Boosting Pro-Environmental Behaviors

ES评分 0 浏览量：789 下载量：0

DOI	10.20900/jsr20200034
刊名	Journal of Sustainability Research JSR
年，卷(期)	2020, 2(4)
作者	Sandy Staples,Jane Webster*,Shunan (Catherine) Lv,
作者单位	Smith School of Business, Queen’s University, 143 Union St., Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada ; Smith School of Business, Queen’s University, 143 Union St., Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada ; Parks Canada, 3620 Kingston Road, Scarborough, ON M1M 1R9, Canada ;
Abstract	Background: Corporations face challenges to adopting appropriate practices to effectively respond to environmental sustainability concerns. To help address this, the present research focuses on improving employees’ pro-environmental behaviors related mostly to information technology and system use. To do so, we draw on and extend goal-setting theory by comparing three goal interventions: goal-setting, goal-setting plus implementation plans, and goal-setting with both implementation plans and visualization of success. For these, we also examine the role of individuals’ environmental values as well as their conflicts with competing goals. Methods: Two longitudinal studies examine individuals’ self-set goals: the first examines employees’ computer-based electricity usage in the workplace over six weeks and the second utilizes a diary approach method over four weeks to examine the effects of different environmental goal setting conditions on students’ environmental outcomes. The impacts of environmental values (self-congruence) and conflicting goals are also explored in the second study.Results: Both studies find that setting goals increases pro-environmental behaviors. However, rebound effects can occur when interventions are removed. Visualization of success appears to reduce this rebound effect and we suggest that future research continue to investigate methods for reducing rebound.Conclusions: This paper contributes to environmental sustainability research in several ways: conceptually (by responding to calls for more theory-based research), methodologically (by measuring objective computer-based energy usage in study 1 and by utilizing a diary method in study 2), and practically (by demonstrating the effectiveness of visualization to goal setting and exploring the role of competing goals in this process).
KeyWord	environmental initiatives and impacts; green information systems; pro-environmental behavior; sustainability; goal setting; field experiment; rebound; values; goal conflict
基金项目
页码	-

参考文献
相关文献

1.Cantor DE, Morrow PC, McElroy JC, Montabon F. The role of individual and organizational factors in promoting firm environmental practices. Int J Phys Distrib Logist Manag. 2013;43(5/6):407-27. doi: 10.1108/IJPDLM-03-2012-0071

2.Nambiar P, Chitty N. Meaning Making by Managers: Corporate Discourse on Environment and Sustainability in India. J Bus Ethics. 2014;123(3):493-511. doi: 10.1007/s10551-013-1848-2

3.Jenkin TA, Webster J, McShane L. An agenda for ‘green’ information technology and systems research. Information and Organization. 2011;21(1):17-40. doi: 10.1016/j.infoandorg.2010.09.003

4.Bansal P, Gao J, Qureshi I. The Extensiveness of Corporate Social and Environmental Commitment across Firms over Time. Organ Stud. 2014;35(7):949-66. doi: 10.1177/0170840613515564

5.Sharma S, Vredenburg H. Proactive corporate environmental strategy and the development of competitively valuable organizational capabilities. Strat Manag J. 1998;19(8):729-53. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199808)19:8<729::AID-SMJ967>3.0.CO;2-4

6.Ramus CA, Steger U. The roles of supervisory support behaviors and environmental policy in employee “ecoinitiatives” at leading-edge European companies. Acad Manage J. 2000;43(4):605-26. doi: 10.5465/1556357

7.Russell S. Getting to the heart of environmental issues. In: 67th Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management; 2007 Aug 3-8; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Philadelphia (PA, US): Academy of Management; 2007.

8.Bissing‐Olson MJ, Iyer A, Fielding KS, Zacher H. Relationships between daily affect and pro-environmental behavior at work: The moderating role of pro-environmental attitude. J Organ Behav. 2013;34(2):156-75. doi: 10.1002/job.1788

9.Smith AM, O’Sullivan T. Environmentally responsible behaviour in the workplace: An internal social marketing approach. J Market Manag. 2012;28(3-4):469-93. doi: 10.1080/0267257X.2012.658837

10.El Idrissi SC, Corbett J. Green IS research: A modernity perspective. Commun Assoc Inf Syst. 2016;38(1). doi: 10.17705/1CAIS.03830

11.Wang X, Brooks S, Sarker S. A review of green IS research and directions for future studies. Commun Assoc Inf Syst. 2015;37(1). doi: 10.17705/1CAIS.03721

12.Molla A, Abareshi A. Organizational green motivations for information technology: Empirical study. J Comput Inf Syst. 2012;52(3):92-102. doi: 10.1080/08874417.2012.11645562

13.Swim J, Clayton S, Doherty T, Gifford R, Howard G, Reser J, et al. Psychology and global climate change: Addressing a multi-faceted phenomenon and set of challenges. Washington, D.C. (US): American Psychological Association; 2009. Available from: http://www.apa.org/science/about/publications/climate-change.aspx. Accessed 2020 Mar 20.

14.Corbett J, Webster J, Jenkin TA. Unmasking corporate sustainability at the project level: Exploring the influence of institutional logics and individual agency. J Bus Ethics. 2018;147(2):261-86. doi: 10.1007/s10551-015-2945-1

15.Lo SH, Peters G-JY, Kok G. Energy-related behaviors in office buildings: A qualitative study on individual and organisational determinants. Appl Psychol. 2012;61(2):227-49. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-0597.2011.00464.x

16.Robertson JL, Barling J. Greening organizations through leaders’ influence on employees’ pro-environmental behaviors. J Organ Behav. 2013;34(2):176-94. doi: 10.1002/job.1820

17.Osbaldiston R, Schott JP. Environmental sustainability and behavioral science: Meta-analysis of proenvironmental behavior experiments. Environ Behav. 2012;44(2):257-99. doi: 10.1177/0013916511402673

18.Gollwitzer PM, Sheeran P. Implementation intentions and goal achievement: A meta‐analysis of effects and processes. Adv Exp Soc Psychol. 2006;38:69-119. doi: 10.1016/S0065-2601(06)38002-1

19.Abrahamse W, Steg L, Vlek C, Rothengatter T. A review of intervention studies aimed at household energy conservation. J Environ Psychol. 2005;25(3):273-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2005.08.002

20.Van Houwelingen JH, Van Raaij WF. The effect of goal-setting and daily electronic feedback on in-home energy use. J Consum Res. 1989;16(1):98-105. doi: 10.1086/209197

21.Conrady T, Kruschwitz A, Stamminger R. Influencing the sustainability of washing behavior by using motivational interviewing. Energy Effic. 2014;7:163-78. doi: 10.1007/s12053-013-9215-9

22.Locke EA, Latham GP. Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation: A 35-year odyssey. Am Psychol. 2002;57(9):705-17. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.57.9.705

23.Hamad CD, Bettinger R, Cooper D, Semb G. Using behavioral procedures to establish an elementary school paper recycling program. J Environ Syst. 1980;10(2):149-56. doi: 10.2190/5TL9-EPP9-XKV1-3KJT

24.McCaul KD, Kopp JT. Effects of goal setting and commitment on increasing metal recycling. J Appl Psychol. 1982;67(3):377-9. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.67.3.377

25.McCalley LT, Midden CJH. Energy conservation through product-integrated feedback: The roles of goal-setting and social orientation. J Econ Psychol. 2002;23(5):589-603. doi: 10.1016/S0167-4870(02)00119-8

26.Seidel S, Recker J, vom Brocke J. Sensemaking and sustainable practicing: Functional affordances of information systems in green transformations. MIS Q. 2013;37(4):1275-99. doi: 10.25300/MISQ/2013/37.4.13

27.Loock C-M, Staake T, Thiesse F. Motivating energy-efficient behavior with Green IS: An investigation of goal setting and the role of defaults. MIS Q. 2013;37(4):1313-32. doi: 10.25300/MISQ/2013/37.4.15

28.Elliot S. Transdisciplinary perspectives on environmental sustainability: A resource base and framework for IT-enabled business transformation. MIS Q. 2011;35(1):197-236. doi: 10.2307/23043495

29.Jerneck A, Olsson L, Ness B, Anderberg S, Baier M, Clark E, et al. Structuring sustainability science. Sustain Sci. 2011;6(1):69-82. doi: 10.1007/s11625-010-0117-x

30.Bamberg S. Effects of implementation intentions on the actual performance of new environmentally friendly behaviours—results of two field experiments. J Environ Psychol. 2002;22(4):399-411. doi: 10.1006/jevp.2002.0278

31.Muñoz P, Cohen B. Sustainable Entrepreneurship Research: Taking Stock and looking ahead. Bus Strategy Environ. 2018;27(3):300-22. doi: 10.1002/bse.2000

32.Sheehy LA. Goal setting for sustainability: A new method of environmental education
[dissertation]. Murdoch (Australia): Murdoch University; 2005.

33.Foxx RM, Schaeffer MH. A Company-Based Lottery to Reduce the Personal Driving of Employees. J Appl Behav Anal. 1981;14(3):273-85. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1981.14-273

34.Katzev RD, Johnson TR. Comparing the effects of monetary incentives and foot-in-the-door strategies in promoting residential electricity conservation. J Appl Soc Psychol. 1984;14(1):12-27. doi: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1984.tb02217.x

35.Lingard H, Gilbert G, Graham P. Improving solid waste reduction and recycling performance using goal setting and feedback. Construct Manag Econ. 2001;19(8):809-17. doi: 10.1080/01446190110070952

36.Latham GP, Stajkovic AD, Locke EA. The relevance and viability of subconscious goals in the workplace. J Manag. 2010;36(1):234-55. doi: 10.1177/0149206309350777

37.Hassan NR, Lowry PB. Seeking middle-range theories in information systems research. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Sixth International Conference on Information Systems. Fort Worth (TX, US): Social Science Research Network; 2015.

38.Miner JB. Goal setting theory 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership organizational behaviour. Armonk (NY, US): M. E. Sharpe; 2005.

39.Unsworth KL, Yeo G, Beck J. Multiple goals: A review and derivation of general principles. J Organ Behav. 2014;35(8):1064-78. doi: 10.2307/26610949

40.Latham GP. The motivational benefits of goal-setting. Acad Manag Perspect. 2004;18(4):126-9. doi: 10.5465/ame.2004.15268727

41.Kruglanski AW, Shah JY, Fishbach A, Friedman R, Woo Young Chun, Sleeth-Keppler D. A theory of goal systems. Adv Exp Soc Psychol. 2002;34:331-78. doi: 10.1016/S0065-2601(02)80008-9

42.Lindenberg S, Steg L. Normative, gain and hedonic goal frames guiding environmental behavior. J Soc Issues. 2007;63(1):117-37. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00499.x

43.Steg L, Bolderdijk JW, Keizer K, Perlaviciute G. An integrated framework for encouraging pro-environmental behaviour: The role of values, situational factors and goals. J Environ Psychol. 2014;38:104-15. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2014.01.002

44.Osbaldiston R, Sheldon KM. Promoting internalized motivation for environmentally responsible behavior: A prospective study of environmental goals. J Environ Psychol. 2003;23(4):349-57. doi: 10.1016/S0272-4944(03)00035-5

45.Abrahamse W, Steg L, Vlek C, Rothengatter T. The effect of tailored information, goal setting, and tailored feedback on household energy use, energy-related behaviors, and behavioral antecedents. J Environ Psychol. 2007;27(4):265-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2007.08.002

46.Becker LJ. Joint effect of feedback and goal setting on performance: A field study of residential energy conservation. J Appl Psychol. 1978;63(4):428-33. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.63.4.428

47.Shen M, Young R, Cui Q. The normative feedback approach for energy conservation behavior in the military community. Energy Policy. 2016;98:19-32. doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2016.08.014

48.Karlin B, Zinger JF, Ford R. The effects of feedback on energy conservation: A meta-analysis. Psychol Bull. 2015;141(6):1205-27. doi: 10.1037/a0039650

49.Gollwitzer PM, Brandstätter V. Implementation intentions and effective goal pursuit. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1997;73(1):186-99. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.73.1.186

50.Gollwitzer PM. Implementation intentions: Strong effects of simple plans. Am Psychol. 1999;54(7):493-503. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.54.7.493

51.Holland RW, Aarts H, Langendam D. Breaking and creating habits on the working floor: A field-experiment on the power of implementation intentions. J Exp Soc Psychol. 2006;42(6):776-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2005.11.006

52.Aarts H, Dijksterhuis A. Habits as knowledge structures: Automaticity in goal-directed behavior. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2000;78(1):53-63. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.78.1.53

53.Bamberg S. The promotion of new behavior by forming an implementation intention: Results of a field experiment in the domain of travel mode choice. J Appl Soc Psychol. 2000;30(9):1903-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2000.tb02474.x

54.Bamberg S. Implementation intention versus monetary incentive comparing the effects of interventions to promote the purchase of organically produced food. J Econ Psychol. 2002;23(5):573-87. doi: 10.1016/S0167-4870(02)00118-6

55.Fennis BM, Adriaanse MA, Stroebe W, Pol B. Bridging the intention–behavior gap: Inducing implementation intentions through persuasive appeals. J Consum Psychol. 2011;21(3):302-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jcps.2010.12.003

56.Rise J, Thompson M, Verplanken B. Measuring implementation intentions in the context of the theory of planned behavior. Scand J Psychol. 2003;44(2):87-95. doi: 10.1111/1467-9450.00325

57.Locke EA, Latham GP. A theory of goal setting & task performance. Englewood Cliffs (NJ, US): Prentice-Hall, Inc; 1990.

58.Unsworth KL, Dmitrieva A, Adriasola E. Changing behaviour: Increasing the effectiveness of workplace interventions in creating pro-environmental behaviour change. J Organ Behav. 2013;34:211-29. doi: 10.1002/job.1837

59.Nisa CF, Bélanger JJ, Schumpe BM, Faller DG. Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials testing behavioural interventions to promote household action on climate change. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):4545. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12457-2

60.Koestner R, Otis N, Powers TA, Pelletier L, Gagnon H. Autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and goal progress. J Pers. 2008;76(5):1201-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00519.x

61.Dalton AN, Spiller SA. Too much of a good thing: The benefits of implementation intentions depend on the number of goals. J Consum Res. 2012;39(3):600-14. doi: 10.1086/664500

62.Brewer GA, Ball BH, Knight JB, Dewitt MR, Marsh RL. Divided attention interferes with fulfilling activity-based intentions. Acta Psychol. 2011;138(1):100-5. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2011.05.011

63.Marks DF. Consciousness, mental imagery and action. Br J Psychol. 1999;90(4):567-85. doi: 10.1348/000712699161639

64.Burkard C, Rochat L, Emmenegger J, Van der Linden A-CJ, Gold G, Van der Linden M. Implementation intentions improve prospective memory and inhibition performances in older adults: The role of visualization. Appl Cogn Psychol. 2014;28(5):640-52. doi: 10.1002/acp.3046

65.Schultheiss OC, Brunstein JC. Goal imagery: Bridging the gap between implicit motives and explicit goals. J Pers. 1999;67(1):1-38. doi: 10.1111/1467-6494.00046

66.Boudreaux MJ, Ozer DJ. Goal conflict, goal striving, and psychological well-being. Motiv Emot. 2013;37(3):433-43. doi: 10.1007/s11031-012-9333-2

67.Louro MJ, Pieters R, Zeelenberg M. Dynamics of multiple-goal pursuit. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007;93(2):174-93. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.93.2.174

68.Lacroix K, Gifford R, Chen A. Developing and validating the dragons of inaction psychological barriers (DIPB) scale. J Environ Psychol. 2019;63:9-18. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2019.03.001

69.The Climate Group. SMART 2020: Enabling the low carbon economy in the information age. The Climate Group 2008. Available from: https://www.theclimategroup.org/what-we-do/news-and-blogs/SMART-2020-Enabling-the-low-carbon-economy-in-the-information-age. Accessed 2020 May 30.

70.Oppong-Tawiah D, Webster J, Staples S, Cameron A-F, Ortiz de Guinea A, Hung TY. Developing a gamified mobile application to encourage sustainable energy use in the office. J Bus Res. 2020;106:388-405. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.10.051

71.Berthon P, Donnellan B. The greening of IT: Paradox or promise? J Strategic Inf Syst. 2011;20(1):3-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jsis.2011.02.001

72.Orland B, Ram N, Lang D, Houser K, Kling N, Coccia M. Saving energy in an office environment: A serious game intervention. Energy Build. 2014;74:43-52. doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.01.036

73.Ashraf R, Merunka D. The use and misuse of student samples: An empirical investigation of European marketing research. J Consum Behav. 2017;16(4):295-308. doi: 10.1002/cb.1590

74.Trochim WM. The Research Methods Knowledge Base. 2nd ed. Cincinnati (OH, US): Atomic Dog Publishing; 2006.

75.de Groot JIM, Steg L. Value orientations to explain beliefs related to environmental significant behavior: How to measure egoistic, altruistic, and biospheric value orientations. Environ Behav. 2008;40(3):330-54. doi: 10.1177/0013916506297831

76.Bissing-Olson MJ, Fielding KS, Iyer A. Diary methods and workplace pro-environmental behaviors. The psychology of green organizations, New York (NY, US): Oxford University Press; 2015. p. 95-116. doi: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199997480.003.0005

77.Koestner R, Lekes N, Powers TA, Chicoine E. Attaining personal goals: Self-concordance plus implementation intentions equals success. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2002;83(1):231-44. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.83.1.231

78.Sheldon KM, Schüler J. Wanting, having, and needing: Integrating motive disposition theory and self-determination theory. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2011;101(5):1106-23. doi: 10.1037/a0024952

79.Cable DM, DeRue DS. The convergent and discriminant validity of subjective fit perceptions. J Appl Psychol. 2002;87(5):875-84. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.87.5.875

80.Koestner R, Powers TA, Milyavskaya M, Carbonneau N, Hope N. Goal internalization and persistence as a function of autonomous and directive forms of goal support. J Pers. 2015;83(2):179-90. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12093

81.Truelove HB, Carrico AR, Weber EU, Raimi KT, Vandenbergh MP. Positive and negative spillover of pro-environmental behavior: An integrative review and theoretical framework. Global Environ Change. 2014;29:127-38. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.09.004

82.Boiral O, Paillé P. Organizational citizenship behaviour for the environment: Measurement and validation. J Bus Ethics. 2012;109(4):431-45. doi: 10.1007/s10551-011-1138-9

83.Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang A-G, Buchner A. G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods. 2007;39(2):175-91. doi: 10.3758/BF03193146

84.Burkley E, Curtis J, Burkley M, Hatvany T. Goal fusion: The integration of goals within the self-concept. Self Identity. 2015;14(3):348-68. doi: 10.1080/15298868.2014.1000959

85.Chan CKY, Cameron LD. Promoting physical activity with goal-oriented mental imagery: A randomized controlled trial. J Behav Med. 2012;35(3):347-63. doi: 10.1007/s10865-011-9360-6

86.Blok V, Wesselink R, Studynka O, Kemp R. Encouraging sustainability in the workplace: A survey on the pro-environmental behaviour of university employees. J Clean Prod. 2015;106:55–67. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.07.063

87.Szabo S, Webster J. Perceived Greenwashing: The Effects of Green Marketing on Environmental and Product Perceptions. J Bus Ethics. 2020. doi: 10.1007/s10551-020-04461-0

88.Maki A, Carrico AR, Raimi KT, Truelove HB, Araujo B, Yeung KL. Meta-analysis of pro-environmental behaviour spillover. Nat Sustain. 2019;2(4):307-15. doi: 10.1038/s41893-019-0263-9

89.Csikszentmihalyi M, Hunter J. Happiness in everyday life: The uses of experience sampling. J Happiness Stud. 2003;4(2):185-99. doi: 10.1023/A:1024409732742

90.Schwenk CR. The use of participant recollection in the modeling of organizational decision processes. Acad Manag Rev. 1985;10(3):496-503. doi: 10.5465/amr.1985.4278971

91.Elfenbein HA. Emotion in organizations. Acad Manag Ann. 2007;1(1):315-86. doi: 10.1080/078559812

92.Beal DJ. ESM 2.0: State of the art and future potential of experience sampling methods in organizational research. Ann Rev Organ Psychol Organ Behav. 2015;2(1):383-407. doi: 10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032414-111335

93.Watson RT, Boudreau M-C, Chen AJ. Information systems and environmentally sustainable development: Energy informatics and new directions for the IS community. MIS Q. 2010;34(1):23-38. doi: 10.2307/20721413

94.Ebermann C, Brauer B. The role of goal frames regarding the impact of gamified persuasive systems on sustainable mobility behavior. In: Proceedings of the European Conference of Information Systems. Atlanta (GA, US): Association for Information Systems; 2016.

95.Paulhus DL. Measurement and control of response bias. Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes. San Diego (CA, US): Academic Press; 1991. p. 17-59. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-590241-0.50006-X

96.Compeau D, Marcolin B, Kelley H, Higgins C. Research Commentary—Generalizability of Information Systems Research Using Student Subjects—A Reflection on Our Practices and Recommendations for Future Research. Inf Syst Res. 2012;23(4):1093-109. doi: 10.1287/isre.1120.0423

97.Arthur C, Shepherd L, Sumo M. The role of students’ diligence in predicting academic performance. Res Schools. 2006;13(2):72-80.

98.Bateman TS, O’Neill H, Kenworthy-U’Ren A. A hierarchical taxonomy of top managers’ goals. J Appl Psychol. 2002;87(6):1134-48. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.87.6.1134

99.Melville NP. Information systems innovation for environmental sustainability. MIS Q. 2010;34:1-21. doi: 10.2307/20721412

100.McKenzie-Mohr D. Fostering sustainable behavior through community-based social marketing. Am Psychol. 2000;55(5):531-7. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.55.5.531

101.Simon J, Jahn M, Al-Akkad A. Saving energy at work: the design of a pervasive game for office spaces. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia. Ulm (Germany): Association for Computing Machinery; 2012. p. 1-4. doi: 10.1145/2406367.2406379

102.Bui A, Veit D, Webster J. Gamification—A novel phenomenon or a new wrapping for existing concepts? In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Sixth International Conference on Information Systems. Fort Worth (TX, US): Springer; 2015.

103.Liu D, Santhanam R, Webster J. Toward meaningful engagement: A framework for design and research of gamified information systems. MIS Q. 2017;41(4):1011-34. doi: 10.25300/MISQ/2017/41.4.01

104.Chen H-M, Lin C-W, Hsieh S-H, Chao H-F, Chen C-S, Shiu R-S, et al. Persuasive feedback model for inducing energy conservation behaviors of building users based on interaction with a virtual object. Energy Build. 2012;45:106-15. doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.10.029

105.Jahn M, Schwartz T, Simon J, Jentsch M. EnergyPULSE: Tracking sustainable behavior in office environments. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Energy-Efficient Computing and Networking. New York (NY, US): Association for Computing Machinery; 2011. p. 87-96. doi: 10.1145/2318716.2318733

106.Bolderdijk JW, Steg L, Postmes T. Fostering support for work floor energy conservation policies: Accounting for privacy concerns. J Organ Behav. 2013;34(2):195-210. doi: 10.1002/job.1831

引用本文

Sandy Staples,Jane Webster*,Shunan (Catherine) Lv. Comparing Goal Setting Approaches to Boosting Pro-Environmental Behaviors, Journal of Sustainability Research. 2020; 2; (4). https://doi.org/10.20900/jsr20200034.

文献评论

相关学者

相关机构